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List of high-speed railway lines

This article provides a list of operational and under construction (or approved) high-speed rail networks, listed by country or region. While the International Union of Railways defines high-speed rail as public transport by rail at speeds of at least 200 km/h (124 mph) for upgraded tracks and 250 km/h (155 mph) or faster for new tracks, the overview section of this article lists the total length of tracks that support speeds over 200 km/h (120 mph) regardless of their statuses of upgraded or newly built.[1][2]

Overview

Operational networks

The following table is an overview of high-speed rail in service or under construction by country, ranked by the amount in service. It shows all the high speed lines (speed of 200 km/h (125 mph) or over) in service. The list is based on UIC figures (International Union of Railways),[3][4] updated with other sources.[5]

Country Continent Operational length (km) Under construction (km) Total length (km) Density (m/km2) Length / 100,000 people (km)[a] Top speed (km/h) Electrification Track gauge (mm) Opened
China China Asia 45,000[6] 25,000 70,000[7] 4.7 3.16 350[8][b] 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2008
Spain Sapin Europe 3,966[11] 1,000 5,000 7.84 8.42 310 3 kV DC; 25 kV 50 Hz 1435; 1668 1992
Japan Japan Asia 3,067[12] 211 3,278 9.07 2.5 320[c] 25 kV 50/60 Hz 1435; [d] 1964
 France France Europe 2,800[13] 200[14] 3,000 4.35 4.32 320[15] 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 1981
United Kingdom United Kingdom Europe 2,214[16] 230 2,444[17] 9.11 3.27 300[e] 25 kV 50 Hz AC[f] 1435 1976
Germany Germany Europe 1,658[18] 350 2,008 4.64 1.99 300 15 kV 16.7 Hz 1435 1991
Turkey Turkey Asia 1,179[g] 1,578[h] 2,757 1.51 0.14 300 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2009
Finland Finland Europe 1,120[19] 200 1,320 3.31 20.2 220 25 kV 50 Hz 1524[i] 2006
Italy Italy Europe 1,117[20] 900 2,000 3.71 1.9 300 25 kV 50 Hz; 3 kV DC 1435 1977
South Korea South Korea Asia 887[21] 500 1,400 8.84 1.71 305 25 kV 60 Hz 1435 2004
Sweden Sweden Europe 860[19] 276[j] 1,136 1.91 8.1 205[k] 15 kV 16.7 Hz 1435 1993
Greece Greece Europe 672[l] 30 702 5.09 6.5 200 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2022
Russia Russia Europe 650[22] 680[23] 1,330 0.04 0.42 250 3 kV DC; 25 kV 50 Hz 1520 1984
Portugal Portugal Europe 610[m] 90[24][n] 700 7.27 5.95 300 25 kV 50 Hz 1668 1999
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Asia 600[o] 465[26] 1,065 1.34 1.71 250 20 kV 50 Hz 1520 2011
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Asia 450[27] 0 450 0.21 1.22 300 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2018
Taiwan Taiwan Asia 350[28] 0 350 9.67 1.46 300 25 kV 60 Hz 1435 2007
Belgium Belgium Europe 326[p] 3[q] 329 8.25 2.79 300 3 kV DC,
25 kV 50 Hz 		1435 1997
Morocco Morocco Africa 186[29] 0 186 0.26 0.49 320 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2018
Austria Austria Europe 283[r] 280 563 3.37 3.16 230 15 kV 16.7 Hz 1435 1990
Norway Norway Europe 224[s] 0 224 0.69 4.09 210 15 kV 16.7 Hz 1435 1998
Poland Poland Europe 206[t] 0 206 the 1.13 3.16 200 3 kV DC 1435 2014
Netherlands Netherlands Europe 175[u] 0 175 4.18 1.95 300[v] 1.5 kV DC,
25 kV 50 Hz 		1435 2009
Switzerland Switzerland Europe 164[w] 0 164 3.97 1.86 230 15 kV 16.7 Hz 1435 2005
Indonesia Indonesia Asia 143[30] 0 143 0.08 0.05 350 27.5 kV 50 Hz 1435 2023
United States United States North America 80[31] 1,249[32] 1,329 0.01 0.02 240 Multiple[x] 1435 2000
Serbia Serbia Europe 70[33] 338[34][35] 408 0.79 0.98 200 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2022
Denmark Denmark Europe 60[36] 100[37] 160 0.68 0.98 200 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2019
Hong Kong Hong Kong Asia 26[38] 0 26 23.51 0.35 200 1.5 kV DC,
25 kV 50 Hz 		1435 2018

By region

Region Continent Operational length (km) Under construction (km) Total length (km) Density (m/km2) Length / 100,000 people (km)[a] Top speed (km/h) Electrification Track gauge (mm) Opened
Asia 51,702 27,754 79,456 1.16 1.1 350 25 kV 50 or 60 Hz 1435[y] 1964
Europe[z] 17,115 4,677 21,792 1.68 2.3 320 Various[aa] 1435[ab] 1976
European Union European Union Europe 13,793 3,429 17,222 1.35 325.82 320 Various[aa] 1435[ac] 1977
Africa 186 0 186 0.01 0.01 320 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2018
North America 80 1,249 1,329 0.003 0.01 240 Multiple[ad] 1435 2000

Freight services

Country Continent Service Type Top speed (km/h) Introduced Status
 Japan Asia JR freight service Light freight 320 2019[39] Operational
 Germany Europe IC:Kurier Courrier 300 2020[40] Operational
 China Asia Freight Express Dedicated freight train 350 2020[41] Operational on busy routes
 France Europe SNCF TGV La Poste Dedicated freight train 270 1984 Defunct in 2015[42]
 Italy Europe Mercitalia Fast Dedicated freight train 300 2018 Defunct in 2022

Networks under construction

Country/Region Continent Length under construction (km) Length approved (km) Total length (km) Density (m/km2) Length / 100,000 people (km)[a] Top speed (km/h) Electrification Track gauge (mm) Construction began Planned opening
 Estonia
 Latvia
 Lithuania (Rail Baltica) 		Europe 870[43] 0 870 4.97 14.82 234[44] 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2017 2028
India India Asia 508.18[45] 0 508.18 0.15 0.04 320 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2021 2028
Thailand Thailand Asia 250.8[46] 220[47] 470.8 0.49 0.02 250 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2017 2027
Iran Iran Asia 410[48] 117[49] 527 0.25 0.46 300 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2015 2025
Egypt Egypt Africa 230[50] 1,770 2,000 0.23 0.2 250 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2021 2027
 Algeria Africa 132[51] 0 132 0.06 0.29 220 25 kV 50 Hz 1435 2012 TBD

Asia

China

Main article: List of high-speed railway lines in China
Line Termini Length Type Maximum speed Opening Status
Shanghai maglev train Longyang Road–Pudong International 30.5 km (19.0 mi) New 431 km/h (268 mph) 2004 Operational
Beijing–Shanghai Beijing south–Tianjin West / Shanghai Hongqiao 1,318 km (819 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2011 Operational
Beijing–Guangzhou[ae] Beijing west–Guangzhou 2,230 km (1,390 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2012 Operational
Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen Hangzhou east–Shenzhen north 1,495 km (929 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2013 Operational
Huhanrong PDL Shanghai Hongqiao–Chengdu 2,078 km (1,291 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2014 Operational
Shanghai–Kunming Shanghai Hongqiao–Kunming south 2,066 km (1,284 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2016 Operational
Guangzhou–Kunming Guangzhou south–Kunming south 1,285 km (798 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2016 Operational
Suifenhe–Manzhouli Suifenhe–Manzhouli 714 km (444 mi) Upgraded 250 km/h (160 mph) 2018 Operational
Qingdao–Yinchuan Qingdao north–Yinchuan 1,762 km (1,095 mi) Upgraded 350 km/h (220 mph) 2018 Operational
Beijing–Lanzhou Beijing–Lanzhou 1,526 km (948 mi) Upgraded 350 km/h (220 mph) 2019 Operational
Beijing–Harbin[ae] Beijing Chaoyang–Harbin / Dalian 1,700 km (1,100 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2021 Operational
Eurasia Continental Bridge Lianyungang–Ürümqi 3,422 km (2,126 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2021 Operational
Coastal corridor (north extension)[af] Dandong–Ningbo 2,659 km (1,652 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2027 Mostly operational[ag]
Coastal corridor (south extension)[af] Huizhou south–Dongxing 954 km (593 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2028 Mostly operational[ah]
Hohhot–Nanning Hohhot–Nanning 2,779.7 km (1,727.2 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2028 Mostly operational[ai]
Baotou (Yinchuan)–Hainan[aj] Baotou–Sanya / Xi'an north 4,664 km (2,898 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2028 Mostly operational[ak]
Lanzhou (Xining)–Guangzhou Lanzhou west–Guangzhou 2,282 km (1,418 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2028 Mostly operational[al]
Beijing–Hong Kong (Taipei) Beijing Fengtai–Hong Kong West Kawloon / Taipei[am] 4,392 km (2,729 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2029 Mostly operational[an]
Shanghai–Chongqing–Chengdu Shanghai Baoshan–Chengdu 5,130 km (3,190 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2029 Partly operational[ao]
Beijing–Kunming[ap] Beijing–Kunming / Chongqing 3,795.7 km (2,358.5 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2030 Mostly operational[aq]
Xiamen–Chongqing Xiamen–Chongqing 937 km (582 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) TBD Partly operational[ar]
Regional railways Multiple lines 1,611 km (1,001 mi) New 350 km/h (220 mph) 2008–2020 Operational
Intercity railways Multiple lines 7,210 km (4,480 mi) New 250 km/h (160 mph) 2008–2020 Operational
Class I railways Multiple lines 5,056.9 km (3,142.2 mi) Upgraded 200 km/h (120 mph) 2012–2019 Operational

India

Main article: List of high-speed railway lines in India
Line Termini Length Type Maximum speed Opening Status
Mumbai–Ahmedabad Mumbai BKC–Sabarmati 508.18 km (315.77 mi) New 320 km/h (200 mph) 2028 Under construction

Japan

Main article: Shinkansen
Line Termini Length Type Maximum speed Opening Status
Tokaido Shinkansen Tokyo–Shin-Osaka 515.4 km (320.3 mi) New 285 km/h (177 mph) 1964 Operational
San'yō Shinkansen Shin-Osaka–Hakata 553.7 km (344.1 mi) New 300 km/h (190 mph) 1972–1975 Operational
Tōhoku Shinkansen Tokyo–Shin-Aomori 674.9 km (419.4 mi) New 320 km/h (200 mph) 1982–2010 Operational
Jōetsu Shinkansen Tokyo–Niigata 269.5 km (167.5 mi) New 275 km/h (171 mph) 1982 Operational
Hokuriku Shinkansen Takasaki–Tsuruga 470.6 km (292.4 mi) New 260 km/h (160 mph) 1997–2024 Operational
Kyushu Shinkansen Hakata–Kagoshima-Chūō 256.8 km (159.6 mi) New 260 km/h (160 mph) 2004–2011 Operational
Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen Takeo-Onsen–Nagasaki 66 km (41 mi) New 260 km/h (160 mph) 2022 Operational
Hokkaido Shinkansen Shin-Aomori–Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto 148.8 km (92.5 mi) New 260 km/h (160 mph) 2016 Operational

Middle East and North Africa

Further information: Proposed high-speed rail by country § Africa

Algeria

Line Termini Length Type Maximum speed Opening Status
Oued Tlélat–Tlemcen 132 km (82 mi) New 220 km/h (140 mph) TBD Under construction

Egypt

Main article: High-speed rail in Egypt
Line Termini Length Type Maximum speed Opening Status
Red line Mersa Matruh–Ain Sokhna 660 km (410 mi) New 230 km/h (140 mph) 2027 Under construction
Yellow line 6th Of October City–Abu Simbel 1,100 km (680 mi) New 230 km/h (140 mph) 2027 Approved
Purple line Safaga–Luxor 240 km (150 mi) New 230 km/h (140 mph) 2027 Approved

Morocco

Main article: Al Boraq
Line Termini Length Type Maximum speed Opening Status
LGV Tanger–Kénitra Tanger–Kénitra 200 km (120 mi) New 320 km/h (200 mph) 2018 Operational
LGV Kénitra–Casablanca Kénitra–Casablanca 150 km (93 mi) Upgraded 160 km/h (99 mph) [as] 2020 Operational

Northern Europe

Western Europe

Eastern Europe

Southern Europe

North America

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Population data based is on worldometers.info, as of July 2024
  2. ^ Between 2011 and 2017 the speed limit has been decreased from 350 to 300 km/h (220 to 190 mph) on all tracks and lines.[9][10]
  3. ^ Tōhoku Shinkansen to be increased to 360 km/h in around 2027; unconventional lines under construction are expected to be faster.
  4. ^ 1435+1067 dual gauge in the Seikan tunnel
  5. ^ Eurostar (international) trains only. 330 km/h after completion of (HS2). The East Coast Main Line will be increased from 200 to 225 km/h after re-signaling.
  6. ^ 750V DC Third-Rail at junctions only.
  7. ^ Ankara–Istanbul (560km) + Polatlı–Konya (212) + Ankara–Sivas} (406)
  8. ^ Under construction lines in Turkey.
  9. ^ Rolling stock is ready to be used on 1520 mm network abroad.
  10. ^ Under construction lines
  11. ^ 250 km/h ready (ERTMS re-signaling needed). 205 km/h is permitted when 200 km/h trains are delayed.
  12. ^ P.A.Th.E./P. sections supporting at least 200km/h are summed here.
  13. ^ Linha do Norte (336 km) + Linha do Sul (274 km)
  14. ^ Additonally, the 10km extension from Elvas to the border.[25]
  15. ^ Tashkent–Bukhara high-speed rail line
  16. ^ High-speed rail in Belgium
  17. ^ Diabolo project
  18. ^ Western and New Lower Valley Inn Railway lines.
  19. ^ Gardermoen Line (64 km) + Vestfold Line (137.79 km) + Follo (22 km)
  20. ^ High-speed rail in Poland
  21. ^ HSL Zuid (125 km) + Hanzelijn (50 km)
  22. ^ Eurostar (international) trains only, local high-speed trains (V250) failed to launch (250 km/h). 200 km/h trains started operation April 2023 (ICNG trains).
  23. ^ High-speed rail in Switzerland
  24. ^ 12.5 kV 60 Hz (New Haven–New York),
    12 kV 25 Hz (New York–Washington),
    25 kV 60 Hz;(Boston–New Haven)
  25. ^ Exception: 1530 in Uzbekistan.
  26. ^ Excluding Turkey which is counted in Asian section.
  27. ^ a b 25 kV 50 Hz (most common); 15 kV 16.7 Hz (second most common); 3 kV DC; 1.5 kV DC
  28. ^ Exception: 1520 in Russia; 1524 in Finland; 1668 in Spain and Portugal
  29. ^ Exception: 1668 in Spain and Portugal
  30. ^ 12.5 kV 60 Hz (New Haven–New York),
    12 kV 25 Hz (New York–Washington),
    25 kV 60 Hz;(Boston–New Haven)
  31. ^ a b Part of the greater Beijing-Hong Kong, Macau corridor.
  32. ^ a b Part of the coastal corridor; comprises of Hangzhou-Fuzhou section which is already operational and is listed seperately above
  33. ^ Tianjin-Yantai and Nantong-Suzhou sections under construction
  34. ^ Guangzhou-Hepu section is under construction
  35. ^ 812 km under construction
  36. ^ Including Yinchuan-Xi'an line and Hainan Eastern and Western ring railway lines.
  37. ^ 1,422 km is under construction; ~950 km is planned
  38. ^ 646 km is under construction
  39. ^ Porposed branch to Taipei crossing Taiwan Starit.
  40. ^ 690 km under planning; 409 km under construction
  41. ^ 2,965 km under construction
  42. ^ Including a branch line to Chongqinq.
  43. ^ Xiong'an-Xinzhou (340 km) and Chongqing-Kunming (698.98 km), totalling 1038.96 km is under construction
  44. ^ ~1,000 km under planning.
  45. ^ (320 km/h ready after upgrades)

References

  1. ^ "General definitions of highspeed". Paris, France: International Union of Railways (UIC). July 28, 2014. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
  2. ^ C. S. Papacostas; Panos D. Prevedouros (2001). Transportation engineering and planning. Pearson College Division. ISBN 978-0-13-081419-7.
  3. ^ "High Speed lines in the world". Paris, France: International Union of Railways, UIC. July 23, 2010. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
  4. ^ "High speed lines in the World" (PDF). Paris, France: International Union of Railways, UIC. July 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  5. ^ "Le réseau des lignes de chemin de fer à grande vitesse en Europe" (PDF) (in French). Communauté d'intérêts pour les transports publics, section Vaud. May 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2018 – via citrap-vaud.ch.
  6. ^ "China's operating high-speed railway hits 45,000 km - People's Daily Online". en.people.cn. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  7. ^ "China charges full speed ahead on bullet train expansion".
  8. ^ "China restores bullet train speed to 350 km/h – Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2018. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  9. ^ "China begins to restore 350 kmh bullet train – Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  10. ^ "China Just Relaunched the World's Fastest Train". Fortune.com/. Retrieved September 1, 2017.
  11. ^ "Red de Alta Velocidad - Adif - AV - Adif". www.adifaltavelocidad.es. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  12. ^ "Japan: JR bullet train network length by line 2023". Statista. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  13. ^ "TGV at 40: Its latest model is launching into an age of global rivalry". euronews. 2021-09-17. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  14. ^ "Italy agrees to resume controversial Turin-Lyon high-speed rail link". euronews. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  15. ^ Lasserre, Benoît (2017-01-07). "La vie à 320km/h: le conducteur de la première rame LGV raconte". Sud-Ouest (in French). ISSN 1760-6454. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  16. ^ "High-Speed Trains in the UK". Trainline. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
  17. ^ "HS2 Phase One full business case". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
  18. ^ Globalist, The (2018-09-08). "Europe's High-Speed Rail Leaders". The Globalist. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  19. ^ a b "20 Countries With Largest High Speed Rail Network". Yahoo Finance. 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
  20. ^ "Italy: high-speed railway network length". Statista. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  21. ^ "South Korea: high-speed railroad length". Statista. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
  22. ^ "First high speed train Sapsan arrived in St Petersburg from Moscow :: Russia-InfoCentre". www.russia-ic.com. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  23. ^ "Russia begins construction of first high-speed line". International Railway Journal. 2024-03-15. Archived from the original on 2024-03-15.
  24. ^ Pires 2024-04-18T14:30:00, André. "Portugal: South International Corridor nears completion". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 2024-06-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  25. ^ "Linha de Évora, Troço Elvas – (Caia) Fronteira | Infraestruturas de Portugal". www.infraestruturasdeportugal.pt. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  26. ^ "Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank provides $108 million loan to Uzbekistan for railway line electrification". akipress.com. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  27. ^ "Makkah to Medina in 90 minutes: Saudi king launches new Haramain rail service". ArabianBusiness.com.
  28. ^ "計畫介紹". www.hsr.gov.tw (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  29. ^ International2023-12-19T11:00:00+00:00, Railway Gazette. "More high speed sets in ONCF rolling stock order". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 2024-06-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "Indonesia: 'Whoosh' train rockets beyond 1.3 million passengers". gulfnews.com. 2024-01-11. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  31. ^ "Northeast Corridor Employee Timetable #5" (PDF). National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak). June 7, 2020. p. 110. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 7, 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2020 – via National Transportation Safety Board..
  32. ^ California High-Speed Rail Authority. "Implementation Plan" (PDF). pp. 23, 25. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved July 17, 2008.
  33. ^ Radović, Z. (2022-03-17). "Brza pruga Beograd - Novi Sad za građane se otvara u nedelju - koliko će vozova saobraćati i koje će biti cene karata". Euronews.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  34. ^ Vojvodine, Javna medijska ustanova JMU Radio-televizija. "Radovi na pruzi Novi Sad - Subotica, prvi brzi voz će proći krajem 2024". JMU Radio-televizija Vojvodine (in Serbian (Latin script)). Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  35. ^ CRNOMARKOVIĆ, A. "Nema stajanja! "Soko" će i do Niša ići 200 na sat: Kreću gradnja i obnova 1.165 kilometara pruga u Srbiji!". INFORMER (in Serbian). Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  36. ^ "Copenhagen-Ringsted High-Speed Line". Railway Technology. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  37. ^ "Fjernbanen | Banedanmark". bane.dk. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  38. ^ "Highways Department - Hong Kong Section of Guangzhou – Shenzhen – Hong Kong Express Rail Link". www.hyd.gov.hk. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  39. ^ International2024-06-05T05:00:00+01:00, Railway Gazette. "Japanese high speed rail freight services expand". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 2024-07-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  40. ^ "Sameday Rail". time:matters. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  41. ^ "HighSpeedRail Freight in China: cargo-partner". www.cargo-partner.com. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  42. ^ Barrow, Keith (29 June 2015). "Last post for French high-speed freight as postal TGVs bow out". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  43. ^ "Route alternative approved for the future construction of the Rail Baltica railway from Kaunas to the border with Poland | Rail Baltica". www.railbaltica.org. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  44. ^ "Technical Parameters". www.railbaltica.org. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  45. ^ "India's first high-speed project falls behind". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  46. ^ Limited, Bangkok Post Public Company. "Hi-speed rail work delayed over curbs". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  47. ^ "Thailand signs agreement to build Bangkok-Pattaya rail link". South China Morning Post. 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  48. ^ "نقش چینی‌ها در راه‌اندازی قطار سریع‌السیر اصفهان-تهران-مشهد چیست؟". تجارت نیوز (in Persian). 2024-07-01. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  49. ^ "Iran Daily - Number Seven Thousand Five Hundred and Ninety Three - 01 July 2024". newspaper.irandaily.ir. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  50. ^ Writer, Staff; Finance, Arab. "Egypt, Siemens to ink contract for 2 lines of high-speed electric rail in May". www.zawya.com. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  51. ^ "Tlemcen: Le LGV se rapproche de Maghnia à petite vitesse". ITA (in French). Retrieved 2024-07-01.


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