Phukha language: Difference between revisions
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| || {{IPA|tsʰ}} || {{IPA|ʈʂʰ}} || {{IPA|tʃʰ}} || || |
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Revision as of 08:58, 19 February 2008
error: ISO 639 code is required (help)
Phula is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Vietnam and China. [1]
Phonology
Consonants
Phula has the following consonants. [2]
| Labial | Coronal | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop: voiceless | p | t | k | ||||
| Stop: voiceless, aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
| Stop: voiced | b | d | g | ||||
| Fricative: voiceless | f | s | ʂ | ʃ | χ | ||
| Fricative: voiceless, lateral | ɬ | ||||||
| Fricative: voiced | v | z | ʐ | ʒ | ʁ | ||
| Fricative: voiced, laryngealized | v* | z* | ʒ* | ||||
| Fricative: voiced, lateral | ɮ | ||||||
| Affricate: voiceless | ts | ʈʂ | tʃ | ||||
| Affricate: voiceless, aspirated | tsʰ | ʈʂʰ | tʃʰ | ||||
| Affricate: voiceless, lateral release | tɬ | ||||||
| Affricate: voiceless, lateral release, aspirated | tɬʰ | ||||||
| Affricate: voiced, lateral release | dɮ | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Semivowel | w | j |
Vowels
Phula has the following vowels. [3]
| front | central | back unrounded |
back rounded | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | ɨ | ɯ | u |
| Hi-Mid | e | ə | o | |
| Lo-Mid | ε | ʌ | ɔ | |
| Low | a |
Notes
References
Robert Wayne Fried. 2000. "A Preliminary Phonological Sketch of Phu-kha, a Tibeto-Burman Language Spoken in Northern Vietnam," University of Texas at Arlington MA thesis.
Jamin R. Pelkey. 2005. "Puzzling over Phula: Toward the Synthesis and Statement of a Sub-Branch," Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 28/2:41-78.