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* [[1200 BC]]: the [[first civilization]] in Central and North America develops in about 1200 BC in the coastal regions of the southern part of the Gulf of Mexico. Known as the [[Olmec civilization]], its early site is at [[San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán|San Lorenzo]].
* [[1200 BC]]: the [[first civilization]] in Central and North America develops in about 1200 BC in the coastal regions of the southern part of the Gulf of Mexico. Known as the [[Olmec civilization]], its early site is at [[San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán|San Lorenzo]].
* [[1200 BC]]: the [[Phoenicians]] found the port of [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]
* [[1200 BC]]: the [[Phoenicians]] found the port of [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]
* [[1197 BC]]: the beginning of the first period ([[1197 BC]] – [[982 BC]]) by [[Shao Yong]]'s concept of the [[I Ching]] and history.
* [[1197 BC]]: the beginning of the first period ([[1197 BC]]–[[982 BC]]) by [[Shao Yong]]'s concept of the [[I Ching]] and history.
* {{circa}} [[1194 BC]]: the beginning of the legendary [[Trojan War]].
* {{circa}} [[1194 BC]]: the beginning of the legendary [[Trojan War]].
* [[1192 BC]]: [[Wu Ding]], [[Monarch|King]] of the [[Shang Dynasty]], dies.
* [[1192 BC]]: [[Wu Ding]], [[Monarch|King]] of the [[Shang dynasty]], dies.
* [[1191 BC]]: [[Menestheus]], legendary [[King of Athens]], dies during the [[Trojan War]] after a reign of 23 years and is succeeded by his nephew [[Demophon of Athens|Demophon]], a son of [[Theseus]]. Other accounts place his death a decade later and shortly after the [[Trojan War]] (see [[1180s BC]]).
* [[1191 BC]]: [[Menestheus]], legendary [[King of Athens]], dies during the [[Trojan War]] after a reign of 23 years and is succeeded by his nephew [[Demophon of Athens|Demophon]], a son of [[Theseus]]. Other accounts place his death a decade later and shortly after the [[Trojan War]] (see [[1180s BC]]).
* [[1186 BC]]: end of the [[Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt]], start of the [[Twentieth dynasty of Egypt|Twentieth Dynasty]].
* [[1186 BC]]: end of the [[Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt]], start of the [[Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt|Twentieth Dynasty]].
* April 24, 1184 BC: traditional date for the fall of [[Troy]], [[Asia Minor]] to the [[Mycenaeans]] and their allies. This marks the end of the [[Trojan War]] of [[Greek mythology]].
* April 24, 1184 BC: traditional date for the fall of [[Troy]], [[Asia Minor]] to the [[Mycenaeans]] and their allies. This marks the end of the [[Trojan War]] of [[Greek mythology]].
* [[1181 BC]]: [[Menestheus]], legendary [[King of Athens]] and veteran of the [[Trojan War]], dies after a reign of 23 years and is succeeded by his nephew Demophon, a son of [[Theseus]]. Other accounts place his death a decade earlier and during the [[Trojan War]] (see [[1190s BC]]).
* [[1181 BC]]: [[Menestheus]], legendary [[King of Athens]] and veteran of the [[Trojan War]], dies after a reign of 23 years and is succeeded by his nephew Demophon, a son of [[Theseus]]. Other accounts place his death a decade earlier and during the [[Trojan War]] (see [[1190s BC]]).
* [[1180 BC]]: the last [[Kassites|Kassite]] King, Anllil-nadin-akhe, is defeated by the [[Elam]]ites.
* [[1180 BC]]: the last [[Kassites|Kassite]] King, Anllil-nadin-akhe, is defeated by the [[Elam]]ites.
* [[1180 BC]]: collapse of [[Hittites|Hittite]] power in [[Anatolia]] with the destruction of their capital [[Hattusa]].
* [[1180 BC]]: collapse of [[Hittites|Hittite]] power in [[Anatolia]] with the destruction of their capital [[Hattusa]].
* {{circa}} [[1177 BC]]: [[Ramses III]] of [[Egypt]] repels attacks by northern invaders (the "[[Sea Peoples|Sea-Peoples]]") in the 8th year of his reign (1177 or 1186 BC); an event which [[Eric H. Cline|Eric Cline]] closely relates to the beginning of the [[Late Bronze Age collapse]].<ref>[[Eric H. Cline|Cline, Eric]]. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRcu-ysocX4 ''1177 BC: The Year Civilization Collapsed''] [video], 2016, 1h10'17. See 5'41 for the invasion of the Sea People in the 8th yr of Ramses III's reign; 6'19 for the incertitude on the dates; 4'30 for the start of the [[Late Bronze Age collapse]] "on either side of 1200 BC".</ref>
* {{circa}} [[1177 BC]]: [[Ramesses III]] of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]] repels attacks by northern invaders (the "[[Sea Peoples|Sea-Peoples]]") in the 8th year of his reign (1177 or 1186 BC); an event which [[Eric H. Cline|Eric Cline]] closely relates to the beginning of the [[Late Bronze Age collapse]].<ref>[[Eric H. Cline|Cline, Eric]]. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRcu-ysocX4 ''1177 BC: The Year Civilization Collapsed''] [video], 2016, 1h10'17. See 5'41 for the invasion of the Sea People in the 8th yr of Ramses III's reign; 6'19 for the incertitude on the dates; 4'30 for the start of the [[Late Bronze Age collapse]] "on either side of 1200 BC".</ref>
* April 16, 1178 BC: a [[solar eclipse]] may mark the return of [[Odysseus]], legendary [[monarch|King]] of [[Ithaca (island)|Ithaca]], to his kingdom after the [[Trojan War]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Espenak |first1=Fred |title=Eclipse Predictions |url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhistory/SEhistory.html |website=eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov |access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> He discovers a number of suitors competing to marry his wife [[Penelope]], whom they believe to be a widow, in order to succeed him on the throne. He organizes their slaying and re-establishes himself on the throne.
* April 16, 1178 BC: a [[solar eclipse]] may mark the return of [[Odysseus]], legendary [[monarch|King]] of [[Ithaca (island)|Ithaca]], to his kingdom after the [[Trojan War]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Espenak |first1=Fred |title=Eclipse Predictions |url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhistory/SEhistory.html |website=eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov |access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> He discovers a number of suitors competing to marry his wife [[Penelope]], whom they believe to be a widow, in order to succeed him on the throne. He organizes their slaying and re-establishes himself on the throne.
* [[1160 BC]]: death of [[Pharaoh]] [[Ramesses V]], from [[smallpox]].
* [[1160 BC]]: death of [[Pharaoh]] [[Ramesses V]], from [[smallpox]].
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* {{circa}} [[1150 BC]]: end of Egyptian rule in [[Canaan]], with Ramesses VI the last Pharaoh acknowledged.
* {{circa}} [[1150 BC]]: end of Egyptian rule in [[Canaan]], with Ramesses VI the last Pharaoh acknowledged.
* {{circa}} [[1150 BC]]: [[Demophon of Athens|Demophon]], legendary [[King of Athens]] and veteran of the [[Trojan War]], dies after a reign of 33 years and is succeeded by his son [[Oxyntes]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harding |first=Phillip |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1100435996 |title=The story of Athens |date=2006 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-30447-9 |location=London |oclc=1100435996}}</ref>
* {{circa}} [[1150 BC]]: [[Demophon of Athens|Demophon]], legendary [[King of Athens]] and veteran of the [[Trojan War]], dies after a reign of 33 years and is succeeded by his son [[Oxyntes]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harding |first=Phillip |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1100435996 |title=The story of Athens |date=2006 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-30447-9 |location=London |oclc=1100435996}}</ref>
* [[1137 BC]]: [[Ramses VII]] begins his reign as the sixth ruler of the [[Twentieth dynasty of Egypt]].
* [[1137 BC]]: [[Ramesses VII]] begins his reign as the sixth ruler of the [[Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt]].
* {{circa}} [[1135 BC|1138 BC]]: [[Oxyntes]], legendary [[Kings of Athens|King of Athens]], dies after a reign of 12 years and is succeeded by his elder son [[Apheidas]].
* {{circa}} [[1135 BC|1138 BC]]: [[Oxyntes]], legendary [[Kings of Athens|King of Athens]], dies after a reign of 12 years and is succeeded by his elder son [[Apheidas]].
* {{circa}} [[1134 BC|1137 BC]]: [[Apheidas]], legendary [[Kings of Athens|King of Athens]], is [[assassinated]] and succeeded by his younger brother [[Thymoetes]] after a reign of 1 year.
* {{circa}} [[1134 BC|1137 BC]]: [[Apheidas]], legendary [[Kings of Athens|King of Athens]], is [[assassinated]] and succeeded by his younger brother [[Thymoetes]] after a reign of 1 year.
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* {{circa}} [[1120 BC]]: [[Troy]] VIIb<sub>1</sub> is destroyed.
* {{circa}} [[1120 BC]]: [[Troy]] VIIb<sub>1</sub> is destroyed.
* [[1115 BC]]: [[Tiglath-Pileser I]] becomes King of [[Assyria]].
* [[1115 BC]]: [[Tiglath-Pileser I]] becomes King of [[Assyria]].
* [[1107 BC]]: [[Pharaoh]] [[Ramesses X]] of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]] dies and is succeeded by [[Ramesses XI]], probably his son, as 10th and final pharaoh of the [[Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt]] and last ruler of the [[New Kingdom of Egypt]].
* {{circa}} 1104 BC: [[Cádiz]] (Gadir) founded by [[Phoenicia]]ns in southwestern [[Spain]].
* {{circa}} 1104 BC: [[Cádiz]] (Gadir) founded by [[Phoenicia]]ns in southwestern [[Spain]].
* [[1100 BC]]: [[Tiglath-Pileser I]] of [[Assyria]] conquers the [[Hittites]].
* [[1100 BC]]: [[Tiglath-Pileser I]] of [[Assyria]] conquers the [[Hittites]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: the [[Dorians]] supposedly invade [[Greece]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: the [[Dorians]] supposedly invade [[Greece]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: beginning of the [[Villanovan culture|proto-Villanovan culture]] in [[northern Italy]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: beginning of the proto-[[Villanovan culture]] in [[northern Italy]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: [[Mycenaean civilization]] ends. Start of [[Greek Dark Ages]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: [[Mycenaean civilization]] ends. Start of [[Greek Dark Ages]].
* {{circa}} [[1100 BC]]: the [[New Kingdom of Egypt|New Kingdom]] in [[Egypt]] comes to an end.
* [[Elamite]] invaders loot art treasures from [[Mesopotamia]] and carry them into [[Susa]].
* [[Elamite]] invaders loot art treasures from [[Mesopotamia]] and carry them into [[Susa]].
* Fang ding, from Tomb 1004, Houjiazhuang, [[Anyang]], [[Henan]], is made. [[Shang dynasty]], Anyang period. It is now kept at [[Academia Sinica]], [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]] (approximate date).
* Approximate date: Fang ding, from Tomb 1004, Houjiazhuang, [[Anyang]], [[Henan]] ([[Shang dynasty]]) is made.<ref>It is now kept at [[Academia Sinica]], [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]].</ref>


==Inventions, discoveries, introductions==
==Inventions, discoveries, introductions==

Revision as of 19:03, 25 February 2024

"1100s BC" redirects here. For the decade, see 1100s BC (decade).
Millennium
2nd millennium BC
Centuries
Timelines
State leaders
Decades
Categories:
Births – Deaths
Establishments – Disestablishments

The 12th century BC is the period from 1200 to 1101 BC. The Late Bronze Age collapse in the ancient Near East and eastern Mediterranean is often considered to begin in this century.[1]

Events

Walls of the excavated city of Troy, supposed center of the legendary Trojan War

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

Sovereign states

See: List of sovereign states in the 12th century BC

References

  1. ^ Bungart, Victoria. "Timeline: 12th Century". Oxford Reference. HistoryWorld. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  2. ^ Cline, Eric. 1177 BC: The Year Civilization Collapsed [video], 2016, 1h10'17. See 5'41 for the invasion of the Sea People in the 8th yr of Ramses III's reign; 6'19 for the incertitude on the dates; 4'30 for the start of the Late Bronze Age collapse "on either side of 1200 BC".
  3. ^ Espenak, Fred. "Eclipse Predictions". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  4. ^ Harding, Phillip (2006). The story of Athens. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-30447-9. OCLC 1100435996.
  5. ^ It is now kept at Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.


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