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Council Grove, Kansas: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 38°39′38″N 96°29′23″W / 38.66056°N 96.48972°W / 38.66056; -96.48972
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{{Short description|City in Morris County, Kansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Council Grove, Kansas
|name = Council Grove, Kansas
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|image_skyline = City between the Ages (8216610169).jpg
|image_skyline = City between the Ages (8216610169).jpg
|image_caption = Downtown Council Grove (2012)
|image_caption = Downtown Council Grove (2012)
|image_flag =
|image_flag =
|image_seal =
|image_seal =


<!-- Maps -->
<!-- Maps -->
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<!-- Location -->
<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes =
|coordinates_footnotes = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates = {{coord|38|39|38|N|96|29|23|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|38|39|38|N|96|29|23|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Morris County, Kansas|Morris]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Morris County, Kansas|Morris]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3 =
|subdivision_name3 =


<!-- Established -->
<!-- Established -->
|established_title = Founded
|established_title = Founded
|established_date =
|established_date =
|established_title1 = [[Platted]]
|established_title1 = [[Platted]]
|established_date1 =
|established_date1 =
|established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2 = 1887<ref name="gov1"/>
|established_date2 = 1887<ref name="gov1"/>
|named_for =
|named_for =


<!-- Government -->
<!-- Government -->
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<!-- Elevation -->
<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_footnotes = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft = 1237
|elevation_ft = 1234


<!-- Population -->
<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes = <ref name="wwwcensusgov"/>
|population_footnotes = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total = 2182
|population_total = 2140
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse"/>
|pop_est_footnotes =
|pop_est_as_of = 2019
|pop_est_as_of =
|population_est = 2121
|population_est =
|population_density_sq_mi = 1038.18
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2 = 400.80
|population_density_km2 = auto


<!-- General information -->
<!-- General information -->
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|area_code = [[Area code 620|620]]
|area_code = [[Area code 620|620]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 20-15925<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank_info = 20-15925 <ref name="GNIS"/>
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info = 0477021<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
|blank1_info = 477021 <ref name="GNIS">{{cite gnis2|477021|Council Grove, Kansas}}</ref>
|website = {{URL|https://www.cityofcouncilgrove.com/|cityofcouncilgrove.com}}
|website = {{URL|https://www.cityofcouncilgrove.com/|cityofcouncilgrove.com}}
}}
}}


'''Council Grove''' is a city and [[county seat]] in [[Morris County, Kansas|Morris County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdate=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate=2011-05-31 }}</ref> As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], the city population was 2,182.<ref name="Census2010">{{cite web|title=2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=March 6, 2011 }}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> It was named after an agreement between American settlers and the [[Osage Nation]] allowing settlers' wagon trains to pass westward through the area on the [[Santa Fe Trail]]. Pioneers gathered at a grove of trees so that wagons could band together for their trip west.
'''Council Grove''' is a city and [[county seat]] in [[Morris County, Kansas|Morris County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/> As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 2,140.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Council Grove, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2015925 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=November 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113093421/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2015925 |archive-date=November 13, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> It was named after an agreement between American settlers and the [[Osage Nation]] allowing settlers' wagon trains to pass westward through the area on the [[Santa Fe Trail]]. Pioneers gathered at a grove of trees so that wagons could band together for their trip west.


== History ==
== History ==
[[Image:Stouffer's Railroad Map of Kansas 1915-1918 Morris County.png|thumb|left|1915-1918 Railroad Map of Morris County.]]
[[Image:Stouffer's Railroad Map of Kansas 1915-1918 Morris County.png|thumb|left|1915-1918 Railroad Map of Morris County.]]
[[File:2018 West front of house -1.jpg|alt=This is the oldest stone home on the Santa Fe Trail and houses the Trail Days Cafe & Museum.|thumb|Historic Rawlinson-Terwilliger Stone Home, 803 West Main Street (2021)]]
{{See also|History of Kansas}}


Council Grove was a stop on the [[Santa Fe Trail]]. The first European-American settler was Seth M. Hays, who came to the area in 1847 to trade with the [[Kaw (tribe)|Kaw tribe]], which had a reservation established in the area in 1846. Hays was a great grandson of [[Daniel Boone]].
Council Grove was a stop on the [[Santa Fe Trail]]. The first European-American settler was [[Seth M. Hays]], who came to the area in 1847 to trade with the [[Kaw (tribe)|Kaw tribe]], which had a reservation established in the area in 1846. Hays was a great-grandson of [[Daniel Boone]].

[[File:2018 West front of house -1.jpg|alt=This is the oldest stone home on the Santa Fe Trail and houses the Trail Days Cafe & Museum.|thumb|Historic Rawlinson-Terwilliger Stone Home 803 West Main Street, Council Grove, KS]]
The Main street in Council Grove is the old Santa Fe Trail. The Rawlinson-Terwilliger Home, 803 West Main Street, is the oldest stone home on the Santa Fe Trail and houses the Trail Days Cafe & Museum.
The Main street in Council Grove is the old Santa Fe Trail. The Rawlinson-Terwilliger Home, 803 West Main Street, is the oldest stone home on the Santa Fe Trail and houses the Trail Days Cafe & Museum.


A post office was established in Council Grove on February 26, 1855.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/page:1/county:MR/sort:County.county_name/direction:asc | title=Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 | publisher=Kansas Historical Society | accessdate=15 June 2014}}</ref>
A post office was established in Council Grove on February 26, 1855.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/page:1/county:MR/sort:County.county_name/direction:asc | title=Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 | publisher=Kansas Historical Society | accessdate=15 June 2014}}</ref>
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==Geography==
==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|2.01|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|1.99|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-07-02 }}</ref> The city is fifty-five miles southwest of [[Topeka]].
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|2.01|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|1.99|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-07-02 }}</ref> The city is fifty-five miles southwest of [[Topeka]].


===Climate===
===Climate===
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Council Grove has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=768141&cityname=Council+Grove%2C+Kansas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Council Grove, Kansas]</ref>
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Council Grove has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=768141&cityname=Council+Grove%2C+Kansas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Council Grove, Kansas]</ref>


{{Weather box
==Area events==
| width = auto
* Heritage Rendezvous
| single line = yes
* Washunga Days
| location = Council Grove, Kansas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1908–present)
| Jan record high F = 76
| Feb record high F = 82
| Mar record high F = 95
| Apr record high F = 95
| May record high F = 101
| Jun record high F = 112
| Jul record high F = 115
| Aug record high F = 115
| Sep record high F = 111
| Oct record high F = 99
| Nov record high F = 88
| Dec record high F = 76
| year record high F =


|Jan avg record high F = 63.6
==Area attractions==
|Feb avg record high F = 69.7
* Allegawaho Heritage Memorial Park
|Mar avg record high F = 79.4
* Kaw Mission State Historic Site
|Apr avg record high F = 86.4
* 1857 Hays House
|May avg record high F = 90.3
* ''[[Madonna of the Trail]]'' monument
|Jun avg record high F = 95.0
* Trail Days Historic Site
|Jul avg record high F = 101.2
Presently, both the [[Council Grove Lake|Council Grove Reservoir]] and the City Lake are popular for recreational activities. While both lakes are open to the public and motorized boats, most of the land around the City Lake is privately owned with over three hundred lake houses. Building is restricted on the larger Council Grove Reservoir but there are many well-positioned camp sites. Excellent fishing is found on these lakes as well. Walleye, crappie, white bass, and many more fish are in both the Council Grove Reservoir and the City Lake.
|Aug avg record high F = 100.1
|Sep avg record high F = 94.7
|Oct avg record high F = 87.7
|Nov avg record high F = 75.5
|Dec avg record high F = 65.4
|year avg record high F = 102.8

| Jan high F = 40.2
| Feb high F = 45.3
| Mar high F = 56.3
| Apr high F = 66.5
| May high F = 75.4
| Jun high F = 85.1
| Jul high F = 90.2
| Aug high F = 89.1
| Sep high F = 81.3
| Oct high F = 69.3
| Nov high F = 55.4
| Dec high F = 43.5
| year high F = 66.5
| Jan mean F = 29.9
| Feb mean F = 34.2
| Mar mean F = 44.7
| Apr mean F = 55.0
| May mean F = 65.2
| Jun mean F = 74.8
| Jul mean F = 79.8
| Aug mean F = 78.0
| Sep mean F = 69.5
| Oct mean F = 57.1
| Nov mean F = 44.2
| Dec mean F = 33.6
| year mean F = 55.5
| Jan low F = 19.7
| Feb low F = 23.2
| Mar low F = 33.1
| Apr low F = 43.5
| May low F = 54.9
| Jun low F = 64.5
| Jul low F = 69.3
| Aug low F = 66.9
| Sep low F = 57.8
| Oct low F = 44.8
| Nov low F = 33.0
| Dec low F = 23.7
| year low F = 44.5

|Jan avg record low F = 0.1
|Feb avg record low F = 5.3
|Mar avg record low F = 14.3
|Apr avg record low F = 27.3
|May avg record low F = 38.9
|Jun avg record low F = 51.3
|Jul avg record low F = 58.2
|Aug avg record low F = 55.4
|Sep avg record low F = 41.8
|Oct avg record low F = 27.4
|Nov avg record low F = 16.1
|Dec avg record low F = 6.4
|year avg record low F = -3.6

| Jan record low F = -21
| Feb record low F = -23
| Mar record low F = -9
| Apr record low F = 2
| May record low F = 25
| Jun record low F = 39
| Jul record low F = 44
| Aug record low F = 40
| Sep record low F = 28
| Oct record low F = 14
| Nov record low F = -6
| Dec record low F = -24
| year record low F =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 0.76
| Feb precipitation inch = 1.26
| Mar precipitation inch = 2.24
| Apr precipitation inch = 3.42
| May precipitation inch = 5.15
| Jun precipitation inch = 4.87
| Jul precipitation inch = 4.41
| Aug precipitation inch = 4.42
| Sep precipitation inch = 3.19
| Oct precipitation inch = 2.42
| Nov precipitation inch = 1.73
| Dec precipitation inch = 1.12
| year precipitation inch = 34.99
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 5.0
| Feb precipitation days = 5.1
| Mar precipitation days = 7.2
| Apr precipitation days = 9.4
| May precipitation days = 11.2
| Jun precipitation days = 9.2
| Jul precipitation days = 9.2
| Aug precipitation days = 8.9
| Sep precipitation days = 7.3
| Oct precipitation days = 7.0
| Nov precipitation days = 5.4
| Dec precipitation days = 4.8
| year precipitation days = 89.7
| Jan snow inch = 4.0
| Feb snow inch = 2.9
| Mar snow inch = 1.2
| Apr snow inch = 0.2
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.4
| Nov snow inch = 0.5
| Dec snow inch = 2.8
| year snow inch = 12.0
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 2.6
| Feb snow days = 1.6
| Mar snow days = 0.6
| Apr snow days = 0.1
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 0.5
| Dec snow days = 1.8
| year snow days = 7.2
| source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=top
|title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = November 24, 2023}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00141867&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = November 24, 2023}}</ref><ref name = XMACIS2>
{{cite web
|url = https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = xmACIS2
|access-date = November 26, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
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|2000= 2321
|2000= 2321
|2010= 2182
|2010= 2182
|2020= 2140
|estyear=2019
|estyear=
|estimate=2121
|estimate=
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
}}

===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 2,140 people, 912 households, and 528 families in Council Grove.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 1,002.3 per square mile (387.0/km{{sup|2}}). There were 1,050 housing units at an average density of 491.8 per square mile (189.9/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=US Census |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 90.89% (1,945) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (88.18% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.23% (5) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 0.33% (7) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.23% (5) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.05% (1) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 2.15% (46) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.12% (131) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 7.1% (152) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 912 households, 29.6% had children under the age of 18; 43.3% were married couples living together; 31.2% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 36.6% of households consisted of individuals and 18.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 3.1.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 20.5% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

23.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 23.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.6 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 112.8 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $49,519 (with a margin of error of +/- $7,824) and the median family income was $64,722 (+/- $5,171).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $30,238 (+/- $8,095) versus $27,649 (+/- $1,905) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $27,799 (+/- $2,339).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 5.0% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.9% of those under the age of 18 and 5.5% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Council%20Grove%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>


===2010 census===
===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,182 people, 991 households, and 565 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1096.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,107 housing units at an average density of {{convert|556.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], <ref>{{Citation|title=The Santa Fe Trail|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt46nx9w.5|work=Disaster At The Colorado|pages=13–22|publisher=Utah State University Press|isbn=978-0-87421-461-1|access-date=2021-04-18}}</ref>0.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.9% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.6% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 6.0% of the population.
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,182 people, 991 households, and 565 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1096.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,107 housing units at an average density of {{convert|556.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]],<ref>{{Citation|title=The Santa Fe Trail|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt46nx9w.5|work=Disaster At The Colorado|pages=13–22|publisher=Utah State University Press|doi=10.2307/j.ctt46nx9w.5|isbn=978-0-87421-461-1|access-date=2021-04-18}}</ref> 0.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.9% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.6% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 6.0% of the population.


There were 991 households, of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.0% were non-families. 39.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.
There were 991 households, of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.0% were non-families. 39.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.
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===2000 census===
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 2,321 people, 1,002 households, and 634 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 1,293.2 people per square mile (500.6/km{{sup|2}}). There were 1,099 housing units at an average density of 612.3 per square mile (237.1/km{{sup|2}}). The racial makeup of the city was 98.23% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.26% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.22% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.22% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.47% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.60% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.11% of the population.
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 2,321 people, 1,002 households, and 634 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,293.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,099 housing units at an average density of {{convert|612.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.23% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.26% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.22% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.22% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.47% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.60% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.11% of the population.


There were 1,002 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90.
There were 1,002 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90.
Line 159: Line 333:


The median income for a household in the city was $28,949, and the median income for a family was $37,061. Males had a median income of $29,500 versus $20,625 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,189. About 7.4% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.
The median income for a household in the city was $28,949, and the median income for a family was $37,061. Males had a median income of $29,500 versus $20,625 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,189. About 7.4% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Area events==
* Heritage Rendezvous
* Washunga Days

==Area attractions==
* Allegawaho Heritage Memorial Park
* [[Kaw Mission State Historic Site]]
* 1857 Hays House
* ''[[Madonna of the Trail]]'' monument
* Trail Days Historic Site
Presently, both the [[Council Grove Lake|Council Grove Reservoir]] and the City Lake are popular for recreational activities. While both lakes are open to the public and motorized boats, most of the land around the City Lake is leased to the owners of over three hundred lake houses. Building is restricted on the larger Council Grove Reservoir but there are many well-positioned camp sites. Excellent fishing is found on these lakes as well. Walleye, crappie, white bass, and many more fish are in both the Council Grove Reservoir and the City Lake.


==Education==
==Education==
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Image:Farmers and Drovers Bank and Indicator Building (8217689776).jpg|Historic Farmers and Drovers Bank building (2012)
Image:Farmers and Drovers Bank and Indicator Building (8217689776).jpg|Historic Farmers and Drovers Bank building (2012)
Image:MKT Depot Council Grove, Kansas.jpg|1894 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Depot (2015)
Image:MKT Depot Council Grove, Kansas.jpg|1894 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Depot (2015)
Image:Carnegie Library Council Grove, Kansas.jpg|Carnegie Library (2015)
Image:Carnegie Library Council Grove, Kansas.jpg|Morris County Historical Society, previously was a Carnegie Library (2015)
Image:Madonna-Council-Grove.jpg|''[[Madonna of the Trail]]'' monument in Council Grove (2005)
Image:Madonna-Council-Grove.jpg|''[[Madonna of the Trail]]'' monument in Council Grove (2005)
Image:CouncilOakatCouncilGrove.jpg|Council Oak at Council Grove (1912)
Image:CouncilOakatCouncilGrove.jpg|Council Oak at Council Grove (1912)
Line 187: Line 373:


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Kansas}}
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Morris County, Kansas]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Morris County, Kansas]]
** [[Council Grove Historic District]]
** [[Council Grove Historic District]]
Line 203: Line 390:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Council Grove, Kansas}}
{{Commons category|Council Grove, Kansas}}
{{Portal|Kansas}}
;City
;City
* [http://www.cityofcouncilgrove.com/ City of Council Grove]
* [https://www.cityofcouncilgrove.com/ City of Council Grove]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260585 Council Grove - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260585 Council Grove - Directory of Public Officials]
* [http://www.CouncilGrove.com Council Grove Chamber of Commerce & Tourism]
* [https://www.councilgrove.com/ Council Grove Chamber of Commerce & Tourism]
;Historical
;Historical
* {{YouTube|ybzo69iQsxY|Hays House}}, from ''Hatteberg's People'' on [[KAKE]] TV news
* {{YouTube|ybzo69iQsxY|Hays House}}, from ''Hatteberg's People'' on [[KAKE]] TV news
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050827191251/http://www.ku.edu/heritage/towns/coungrov.html Historical information about Council Grove]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050827191251/http://www.ku.edu/heritage/towns/coungrov.html Historical information about Council Grove]
;Maps
;Maps
* [http://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/council%20grove.pdf Council Grove City Map], KDOT
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/council%20grove.pdf Council Grove city map], KDOT


{{Morris County, Kansas}}
{{Morris County, Kansas}}
{{Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:Native American history of Kansas]]
[[Category:Native American history of Kansas]]
[[Category:Kaw tribe]]
[[Category:Kaw tribe]]
[[Category:Osage Nation]]
[[Category:History of the Osage Nation]]
[[Category:Santa Fe Trail]]
[[Category:Santa Fe Trail]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1847]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1847]]

Latest revision as of 16:45, 28 June 2024

Council Grove, Kansas
City and County seat
Downtown Council Grove (2012)
Downtown Council Grove (2012)
Location within Morris County and Kansas
Location within Morris County and Kansas
KDOT map of Morris County (legend)
KDOT map of Morris County (legend)
Coordinates: 38°39′38″N 96°29′23″W / 38.66056°N 96.48972°W / 38.66056; -96.48972[1]
CountryUnited States
StateKansas
CountyMorris
Incorporated1887[2]
Government
[2]
 • TypeMayor–Council
 • MayorDebi Schwerdtfeger
Area
[3]
 • Total2.06 sq mi (5.32 km2)
 • Land2.04 sq mi (5.29 km2)
 • Water0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)
Elevation
[1]
1,234 ft (376 m)
Population
 (2020)[4]
 • Total2,140
 • Density1,000/sq mi (400/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
66846, 66873
Area code620
FIPS code20-15925 [1]
GNIS ID477021 [1]
Websitecityofcouncilgrove.com

Council Grove is a city and county seat in Morris County, Kansas, United States.[1] As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,140.[4] It was named after an agreement between American settlers and the Osage Nation allowing settlers' wagon trains to pass westward through the area on the Santa Fe Trail. Pioneers gathered at a grove of trees so that wagons could band together for their trip west.

History[edit]

1915-1918 Railroad Map of Morris County.
This is the oldest stone home on the Santa Fe Trail and houses the Trail Days Cafe & Museum.
Historic Rawlinson-Terwilliger Stone Home, 803 West Main Street (2021)
See also: History of Kansas

Council Grove was a stop on the Santa Fe Trail. The first European-American settler was Seth M. Hays, who came to the area in 1847 to trade with the Kaw tribe, which had a reservation established in the area in 1846. Hays was a great-grandson of Daniel Boone.

The Main street in Council Grove is the old Santa Fe Trail. The Rawlinson-Terwilliger Home, 803 West Main Street, is the oldest stone home on the Santa Fe Trail and houses the Trail Days Cafe & Museum.

A post office was established in Council Grove on February 26, 1855.[5]

In 1858, the town was officially incorporated by the legislature.[6] Hays also opened a restaurant in 1857, the Hays House, which is said to be the oldest continuously operating restaurant west of the Mississippi River.

The town has 15 sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places. One is the Post Office Oak. Travelers left their mail in this designated tree to be picked up by others going in the right direction. General Custer of the United States Army slept here with his troops during the American Civil War, under a large tree known now as the Custer Elm.

The National Old Trails Road, also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, was established in 1912, and was routed through Herington, Delavan, Council Grove.

In 1943, German and Italian prisoners of World War II were brought to Kansas and other Midwest states as a means of solving the labor shortage caused by American men serving in the war effort. Large internment camps were established in Kansas: Camp Concordia, Camp Funston (at Fort Riley), Camp Phillips (at Salina under Fort Riley). Fort Riley established 12 smaller branch camps, including Council Grove.[7]

Geography[edit]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.01 square miles (5.21 km2), of which, 1.99 square miles (5.15 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.[8] The city is fifty-five miles southwest of Topeka.

Climate[edit]

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Council Grove has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[9]

Climate data for Council Grove, Kansas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1908–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 76
(24) 		82
(28) 		95
(35) 		95
(35) 		101
(38) 		112
(44) 		115
(46) 		115
(46) 		111
(44) 		99
(37) 		88
(31) 		76
(24) 		115
(46)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 63.6
(17.6) 		69.7
(20.9) 		79.4
(26.3) 		86.4
(30.2) 		90.3
(32.4) 		95.0
(35.0) 		101.2
(38.4) 		100.1
(37.8) 		94.7
(34.8) 		87.7
(30.9) 		75.5
(24.2) 		65.4
(18.6) 		102.8
(39.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 40.2
(4.6) 		45.3
(7.4) 		56.3
(13.5) 		66.5
(19.2) 		75.4
(24.1) 		85.1
(29.5) 		90.2
(32.3) 		89.1
(31.7) 		81.3
(27.4) 		69.3
(20.7) 		55.4
(13.0) 		43.5
(6.4) 		66.5
(19.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 29.9
(−1.2) 		34.2
(1.2) 		44.7
(7.1) 		55.0
(12.8) 		65.2
(18.4) 		74.8
(23.8) 		79.8
(26.6) 		78.0
(25.6) 		69.5
(20.8) 		57.1
(13.9) 		44.2
(6.8) 		33.6
(0.9) 		55.5
(13.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 19.7
(−6.8) 		23.2
(−4.9) 		33.1
(0.6) 		43.5
(6.4) 		54.9
(12.7) 		64.5
(18.1) 		69.3
(20.7) 		66.9
(19.4) 		57.8
(14.3) 		44.8
(7.1) 		33.0
(0.6) 		23.7
(−4.6) 		44.5
(6.9)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 0.1
(−17.7) 		5.3
(−14.8) 		14.3
(−9.8) 		27.3
(−2.6) 		38.9
(3.8) 		51.3
(10.7) 		58.2
(14.6) 		55.4
(13.0) 		41.8
(5.4) 		27.4
(−2.6) 		16.1
(−8.8) 		6.4
(−14.2) 		−3.6
(−19.8)
Record low °F (°C) −21
(−29) 		−23
(−31) 		−9
(−23) 		2
(−17) 		25
(−4) 		39
(4) 		44
(7) 		40
(4) 		28
(−2) 		14
(−10) 		−6
(−21) 		−24
(−31) 		−24
(−31)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.76
(19) 		1.26
(32) 		2.24
(57) 		3.42
(87) 		5.15
(131) 		4.87
(124) 		4.41
(112) 		4.42
(112) 		3.19
(81) 		2.42
(61) 		1.73
(44) 		1.12
(28) 		34.99
(889)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 4.0
(10) 		2.9
(7.4) 		1.2
(3.0) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.4
(1.0) 		0.5
(1.3) 		2.8
(7.1) 		12.0
(30)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 5.0 5.1 7.2 9.4 11.2 9.2 9.2 8.9 7.3 7.0 5.4 4.8 89.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 2.6 1.6 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.8 7.2
Source: NOAA[10][11][12]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870712—
18801,04246.3%
18902,211112.2%
19002,2652.4%
19102,54512.4%
19202,85712.3%
19302,8981.4%
19402,875−0.8%
19502,722−5.3%
19602,664−2.1%
19702,403−9.8%
19802,381−0.9%
19902,228−6.4%
20002,3214.2%
20102,182−6.0%
20202,140−1.9%
U.S. Decennial Census

2020 census[edit]

The 2020 United States census counted 2,140 people, 912 households, and 528 families in Council Grove.[13][14] The population density was 1,002.3 per square mile (387.0/km2). There were 1,050 housing units at an average density of 491.8 per square mile (189.9/km2).[14][15] The racial makeup was 90.89% (1,945) white or European American (88.18% non-Hispanic white), 0.23% (5) black or African-American, 0.33% (7) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.23% (5) Asian, 0.05% (1) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 2.15% (46) from other races, and 6.12% (131) from two or more races.[16] Hispanic or Latino of any race was 7.1% (152) of the population.[17]

Of the 912 households, 29.6% had children under the age of 18; 43.3% were married couples living together; 31.2% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 36.6% of households consisted of individuals and 18.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[14] The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 3.1.[18] The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 20.5% of the population.[19]

23.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 23.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.6 males.[14] For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 112.8 males.[14]

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $49,519 (with a margin of error of +/- $7,824) and the median family income was $64,722 (+/- $5,171).[20] Males had a median income of $30,238 (+/- $8,095) versus $27,649 (+/- $1,905) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $27,799 (+/- $2,339).[21] Approximately, 5.0% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under the age of 18 and 5.5% of those ages 65 or over.[22][23]

2010 census[edit]

As of the census[24] of 2010, there were 2,182 people, 991 households, and 565 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,096.5 inhabitants per square mile (423.4/km2). There were 1,107 housing units at an average density of 556.3 per square mile (214.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.8% White, 0.4% African American, 0.2% Native American,[25] 0.2% Asian, 1.9% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.0% of the population.

There were 991 households, of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.0% were non-families. 39.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.

The median age in the city was 45.9 years. 21.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.8% were from 25 to 44; 27.1% were from 45 to 64; and 24.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.8% male and 53.2% female.

2000 census[edit]

As of the census[26] of 2000, there were 2,321 people, 1,002 households, and 634 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,293.2 inhabitants per square mile (499.3/km2). There were 1,099 housing units at an average density of 612.3 per square mile (236.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.23% White, 0.26% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.47% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.11% of the population.

There were 1,002 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 23.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,949, and the median income for a family was $37,061. Males had a median income of $29,500 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,189. About 7.4% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.

Area events[edit]

  • Heritage Rendezvous
  • Washunga Days

Area attractions[edit]

Presently, both the Council Grove Reservoir and the City Lake are popular for recreational activities. While both lakes are open to the public and motorized boats, most of the land around the City Lake is leased to the owners of over three hundred lake houses. Building is restricted on the larger Council Grove Reservoir but there are many well-positioned camp sites. Excellent fishing is found on these lakes as well. Walleye, crappie, white bass, and many more fish are in both the Council Grove Reservoir and the City Lake.

Education[edit]

Aerial photo of Council Grove (2013)

The community is served by Morris County USD 417 public school district.[27] Council Grove High School is a high school located at 129 Hockaday St., Council Grove. Students from the surrounding areas travel to Council Grove to attend high school.[28] Council Grove Middle School includes grades 6 through 8 and is located at 706 E Main St. Council Grove Elementary School includes kindergarten through the 5th grade and is attached to the middle school. The athletic teams are known as the Braves.

Transportation[edit]

Council Grove was located on the National Old Trails Road, also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, that was established in 1912.

Notable people[edit]

Gallery[edit]

  • Historic Farmers and Drovers Bank building (2012)
    Historic Farmers and Drovers Bank building (2012)
  • 1894 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Depot (2015)
    1894 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Depot (2015)
  • Morris County Historical Society, previously was a Carnegie Library (2015)
    Morris County Historical Society, previously was a Carnegie Library (2015)
  • Madonna of the Trail monument in Council Grove (2005)
    Madonna of the Trail monument in Council Grove (2005)
  • Council Oak at Council Grove (1912)
    Council Oak at Council Grove (1912)
  • 1857 Historic Last Chance Store (1958)
    1857 Historic Last Chance Store (1958)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e "Council Grove, Kansas", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
  2. ^ a b "City of Council Grove". The League of Kansas Municipalities. May 27, 2019.
  3. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2020.
  4. ^ a b "Profile of Council Grove, Kansas in 2020". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on November 13, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
  5. ^ "Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961". Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
  6. ^ History of the State of Kansas: Containing a Full Account of Its Growth from an Uninhabited Territory to a Wealthy and Important State. A. T. Andreas. 1883. p. 803.
  7. ^ List of Prisoner Of War (POW) Camps in Kansas
  8. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
  9. ^ Climate Summary for Council Grove, Kansas
  10. ^ "NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
  11. ^ "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
  12. ^ "xmACIS2". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 26, 2023.
  13. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  14. ^ a b c d e "US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  15. ^ Bureau, US Census. "Gazetteer Files". Census.gov. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  16. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  17. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  18. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  19. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  20. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  21. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  22. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  23. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  24. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
  25. ^ "The Santa Fe Trail", Disaster At The Colorado, Utah State University Press, pp. 13–22, doi:10.2307/j.ctt46nx9w.5, ISBN 978-0-87421-461-1, retrieved April 18, 2021
  26. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  27. ^ USD 417 website.
  28. ^ "Council Grove High School", Great Schools

Further reading[edit]

See also: List of books about Kansas, including historical information about its counties and cities
See also: List of books about Morris County, Kansas
See also: List of books about Santa Fe Trail

External links[edit]

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