Minister of the Interior (France): Difference between revisions
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{{short description|French government minister}} |
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{{Infobox official post |
{{Infobox official post |
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|post = Minister of the Interior |
|post = Minister of the Interior and Overseas France |
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|native_name = {{lang|fr|Ministère de l’Intérieur et des Outre-mer}} |
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|insignia = Logo du Ministère de l'Intérieur et des Outre-mer (2022).svg |
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|insigniasize = 150 |
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|insigniacaption = |
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|image = Gérald Darmanin in 2022.jpg |
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|incumbent = [[Gérald Darmanin]] |
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|incumbentsince = 6 July 2020 |
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|style = ''Monsieur le ministre'' |
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|member_of = [[Government of France|Council of Ministers]] |
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|reports_to = [[President of France|President of the Republic]]<br/>and to [[French Parliament|Parliament]] |
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|residence = [[Place Beauvau#Hôtel de Beauvau|Hôtel de Beauvau]] |
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|appointer = [[President of France|President of the Republic]] |
|appointer = [[President of France|President of the Republic]] |
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|termlength = No fixed term |
|termlength = No fixed term |
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|termlength_qualified = Remains in office while commanding the confidence of the [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]] and the [[President of France|President of the Republic]] |
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|constituting_instrument = |
|constituting_instrument = |
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|precursor = [[Minister for the Maison du Roi]] |
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|formation = 7 August 1790 |
|formation = 7 August 1790 |
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|first = [[François-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest]] |
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|salary = |
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|website = [http://www.interieur.gouv.fr www.interieur.gouv.fr] |
|website = [http://www.interieur.gouv.fr www.interieur.gouv.fr] |
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{{Politics of France}} |
{{Politics of France}} |
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'''Minister of the Interior''' ({{lang-fr|Ministre de l'Intérieur}}; {{IPA-fr|ministʁə də lɛ̃teʁjœʁ}}) is a prominent position in the [[Government of France]]. The position is equivalent to the [[interior minister]] in other countries, like the [[Home Secretary]] in the [[United Kingdom]], the [[Minister of Public Safety]] in [[Canada]], or the [[Minister for Home Affairs (Australia)|Minister of Home Affairs]] in [[Australia]]. |
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== Responsibilities == |
== Responsibilities == |
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The Minister of the Interior is responsible for the following: |
The Minister of the Interior is responsible for the following: |
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* The general interior security of the country, with respect to criminal acts or natural catastrophes |
* The general interior security of the country, with respect to criminal acts or natural catastrophes |
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** including the major [[ |
** including the major [[Law enforcement in France|law-enforcement forces]] |
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*** the [[ |
*** the [[National Police (France)|National Police]] |
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*** the [[ |
*** the [[National Gendarmerie]] for its police operations since 2009; as a part of the [[French Armed Forces]], the Gendarmerie is administratively under the purview of the [[Ministry of Armed Forces (France)|Ministry of Armed Forces]] |
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** General directorate for civil defence and crisis management ([[Sécurité Civile]]) |
** General directorate for civil defence and crisis management ([[Sécurité Civile]]) |
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*** the directorate of [[Firefighter]]s ([[Sapeurs-Pompiers]]) |
*** the directorate of [[Firefighter]]s ([[Fire services in France|Sapeurs-Pompiers]]) |
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* the granting of identity documents ([[passport]]s, [[identity card]]s) and [[driving license]]s through the network of |
* the granting of identity documents ([[passport]]s, [[identity card]]s) and [[driving license]]s through the network of [[Prefectures in France|prefectures]] and [[Subprefectures in France|subprefectures]] |
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* relations between the central government and local governments |
* relations between the central government and local governments |
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* |
* logistics and organisation of political [[Elections in France|elections]], at the national and prefectoral levels; the results of the elections are overseen by the [[Constitutional Council (France)|Constitutional Council]] or the administrative courts |
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* regulation of immigration and preventing illegal immigration |
* regulation of immigration and preventing illegal immigration |
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* integration of legal immigrants (professionally, linguistically, housing) |
* integration of legal immigrants (professionally, linguistically, housing) |
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* all [[ |
* all [[Regions of France|regional]] and [[Departments of France|departmental]] [[Prefect (France)|prefects]] and [[subprefect]]s are subordinate to the Minister of the Interior |
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The Minister of the Interior also takes on the role of the former [[Minister of |
The Minister of the Interior also takes on the role of the former [[Minister of Worship (France)|Minister of Worship]] and is formally consulted in the process of appointment of Catholic diocesan bishops ([[Briand-Ceretti Agreement]]). The Minister of Worship used to be a fully-fledged position; the office was abolished in 1912. |
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While the Ministry of the Interior supervises police forces, it does not supervise criminal enquiries. Those enquiries are conducted under the supervision of the [[judiciary]]. |
While the Ministry of the Interior supervises police forces, it does not supervise criminal enquiries. Those enquiries are conducted under the supervision of the [[Judiciary of France|judiciary]]. |
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== History== |
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The [[Minister for the Maison du Roi]] under the [[Ancien Régime]] is considered to be the precursor of the position of Minister of the Interior, which was officially established on 7 August 1790, during the [[French Revolution]], when [[François-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest]] became the inaugural officeholder. Although his tasks included the organisation of elections, relations with local authorities, agriculture, as well as trade, the Minister of the Interior's main duty was to oversee the functioning of police forces. This has been the case since then, with the exception of the period from 1796 to 1818, when a [[Ministry of Police (France)|Ministry of Police]] was in use, which was also briefly restored under the [[French Second Empire|Second Empire]]. |
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[[File:Hôtel Beauvau, bureau du ministre (2).jpg|thumb|left|Office of the Minister of the Interior]] |
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[[Image:Place Beauvau entrance dsc00801.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The entrance to the Ministry in [[Place Beauvau]] is guarded by one gendarme (left) and one policewoman (right). Joint gendarmerie/police guard duty was seen as a way to bridge the differences between the services.]] |
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During the [[First French Empire|First Empire]], the Interior Ministry's tasks were reduced; in 1824, the [[Ministry of National Education (France)|Ministry of Public Instruction]] was established to oversee France's education policy. In 1832, the Interior Ministry was primarily occupied with the holding of elections and maintenance of the firefighters force, as the {{lang|fr|[[Institut de France]]|italic=no}} and national public libraries were transferred to the Public Instruction Ministry. In 1836, the [[Ministry of Agriculture (France)|Ministry of Public Works, Agriculture and Commerce]] was established. |
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{{clear}} |
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In 1911, the Directorate of Penitentiary Administration, established in 1858 in the Interior Ministry to oversee [[Prison conditions in France|prison conditions]], was placed under the authority of the [[Minister of Justice (France)|Minister of Justice]]. Nine years later, the Interior Ministry lost its public health policy department to the newly established [[Minister of Health (France)|Ministry of Hygiene, Assistance and Social Security]]. |
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==Location== |
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==Organisation== |
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The Minister of the Interior has been [[Gérald Darmanin]] since 6 July 2020. He succeeded [[Christophe Castaner]], who was appointed to the office on 16 October 2018. Darmanin is assisted by [[Marlène Schiappa]], who holds the junior title of Minister for Citizenship in the [[Castex government|government]] of [[Prime Minister of France|Prime Minister]] [[Jean Castex]]. |
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{{clr|left}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Portal|Politics |
{{Portal|Politics|France}} |
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* [[List of Interior Ministers of France]] |
* [[List of Interior Ministers of France]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{Official website|www.interieur.gouv.fr}} {{ |
*{{Official website|www.interieur.gouv.fr}} {{in lang|fr}} |
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{{French Government}} |
{{French Government}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Minister Of The Interior (France)}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Minister Of The Interior (France)}} |
Latest revision as of 16:20, 13 June 2024
Minister of the Interior and Overseas France | |
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Ministère de l’Intérieur et des Outre-mer | |
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Style | Monsieur le ministre |
Member of | Council of Ministers |
Reports to | President of the Republic and to Parliament |
Residence | Hôtel de Beauvau |
Seat | Paris 8e, France |
Appointer | President of the Republic |
Term length | No fixed term Remains in office while commanding the confidence of the National Assembly and the President of the Republic |
Precursor | Minister for the Maison du Roi |
Formation | 7 August 1790 |
First holder | François-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest |
Website | www.interieur.gouv.fr |
This article is part of a series on |
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Minister of the Interior (French: Ministre de l'Intérieur; French pronunciation: [ministʁə də lɛ̃teʁjœʁ]) is a prominent position in the Government of France. The position is equivalent to the interior minister in other countries, like the Home Secretary in the United Kingdom, the Minister of Public Safety in Canada, or the Minister of Home Affairs in Australia.
Responsibilities[edit]
The Minister of the Interior is responsible for the following:
- The general interior security of the country, with respect to criminal acts or natural catastrophes
- including the major law-enforcement forces
- the National Police
- the National Gendarmerie for its police operations since 2009; as a part of the French Armed Forces, the Gendarmerie is administratively under the purview of the Ministry of Armed Forces
- General directorate for civil defence and crisis management (Sécurité Civile)
- the directorate of Firefighters (Sapeurs-Pompiers)
- including the major law-enforcement forces
- the granting of identity documents (passports, identity cards) and driving licenses through the network of prefectures and subprefectures
- relations between the central government and local governments
- logistics and organisation of political elections, at the national and prefectoral levels; the results of the elections are overseen by the Constitutional Council or the administrative courts
- regulation of immigration and preventing illegal immigration
- integration of legal immigrants (professionally, linguistically, housing)
- all regional and departmental prefects and subprefects are subordinate to the Minister of the Interior
The Minister of the Interior also takes on the role of the former Minister of Worship and is formally consulted in the process of appointment of Catholic diocesan bishops (Briand-Ceretti Agreement). The Minister of Worship used to be a fully-fledged position; the office was abolished in 1912.
While the Ministry of the Interior supervises police forces, it does not supervise criminal enquiries. Those enquiries are conducted under the supervision of the judiciary.
History[edit]
The Minister for the Maison du Roi under the Ancien Régime is considered to be the precursor of the position of Minister of the Interior, which was officially established on 7 August 1790, during the French Revolution, when François-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest became the inaugural officeholder. Although his tasks included the organisation of elections, relations with local authorities, agriculture, as well as trade, the Minister of the Interior's main duty was to oversee the functioning of police forces. This has been the case since then, with the exception of the period from 1796 to 1818, when a Ministry of Police was in use, which was also briefly restored under the Second Empire.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/H%C3%B4tel_Beauvau%2C_bureau_du_ministre_%282%29.jpg/220px-H%C3%B4tel_Beauvau%2C_bureau_du_ministre_%282%29.jpg)
During the First Empire, the Interior Ministry's tasks were reduced; in 1824, the Ministry of Public Instruction was established to oversee France's education policy. In 1832, the Interior Ministry was primarily occupied with the holding of elections and maintenance of the firefighters force, as the Institut de France and national public libraries were transferred to the Public Instruction Ministry. In 1836, the Ministry of Public Works, Agriculture and Commerce was established.
In 1911, the Directorate of Penitentiary Administration, established in 1858 in the Interior Ministry to oversee prison conditions, was placed under the authority of the Minister of Justice. Nine years later, the Interior Ministry lost its public health policy department to the newly established Ministry of Hygiene, Assistance and Social Security.
Location[edit]
The ministry's headquarters have been located on Place Beauvau, facing the Élysée Palace, since 1861. "Place Beauvau" is often used as a metonym for the ministry.
Organisation[edit]
The Minister of the Interior has been Gérald Darmanin since 6 July 2020. He succeeded Christophe Castaner, who was appointed to the office on 16 October 2018. Darmanin is assisted by Marlène Schiappa, who holds the junior title of Minister for Citizenship in the government of Prime Minister Jean Castex.
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
- Official website (in French)