Cascade red fox: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Subspecies of red fox}} |
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{{Subspeciesbox |
{{Subspeciesbox |
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| name = Cascade red fox |
| name = Cascade red fox |
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| image = |
| image = Collared (7030763293).jpg |
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| genus = Vulpes |
| genus = Vulpes |
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| species = vulpes |
| species = vulpes |
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| species_link = Red fox |
| species_link = Red fox |
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| subspecies = cascadensis |
| subspecies = cascadensis |
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| status = T1 |
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| status_system = TNC |
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| status_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=''Vulpes vulpes canadensis''. NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.74.19360/Vulpes_vulpes_cascadensis |website=explorer.natureserve.org |access-date=19 January 2023}}</ref> |
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| authority = Merriam, 1900 |
| authority = Merriam, 1900 |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Cascade red fox''' (''Vulpes vulpes cascadensis'') is |
The '''Cascade red fox''' ('''''Vulpes vulpes cascadensis''''') is an endangered subspecies of [[red fox]] [[Endemism|endemic]] to the state of [[Washington (state)|Washington]] in the [[United States]]. |
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==Origins== |
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| ⚫ | The ancestors of the Cascade red fox colonized [[North America]] after crossing the [[Beringia|Bering landbridge]] during the [[Illinoian (stage)|Illinoian glaciation]] over 300,000 years ago.<ref name="Gov">Akins, Jocelyn. [https://www.nps.gov/articles/cascade-fox.htm "Conservation Status of the Cascade Red Fox"] ''[[National Park Service]]'' Retrieved on 10 December 2017.</ref> During the [[Wisconsin glaciation]], they were pushed south to escape to ice free forests. From that point, they adapted to the colder climate and became distinct. After the glaciation, they moved up into the mountains where conditions were similar.<ref name="Gov" /> |
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| ⚫ | The range of the Cascade red fox is estimated to be 4500 |
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== Diet == |
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==North American colonization== |
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They prey on small mammals and birds living only in the mountains. Due to this, they have an ecology distinct from lowland red foxes.<ref name="Gov" /> |
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| ⚫ | The ancestors of the Cascade red fox colonized [[North America]] after crossing the [[Beringia|Bering landbridge]] during the [[ |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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==Current status== |
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| ⚫ | The range of the Cascade red fox is estimated to be {{convert|4500|km2}} but may be as large as {{convert|40000|km2}}.<ref name="NatureServe">Fleckenstein, J.W. [http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Vulpes+vulpes+cascadensis "Vulpes vulpes cascadensis - Merriam, 1900"], ''[[NatureServe]]'', 20 September 2011. Retrieved on 10 December 2017.</ref> It lives in the subalpine meadows and parklands of the [[Cascade Range|Cascade Mountains]], as well as the open forests on the eastern slope. It does not however inhabit the densely forested western slope.<ref>Aubry, Keith Baker. [https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/handle/1773/5517 "The Cascade red fox: distribution, morphology, zoogeoraphy and ecology"], ''[[University of Washington]]'', 26 May 1983. Retrieved on 10 December 2017.</ref> It may inhabit the very southern parts of [[British Columbia]]. Recent surveys have suggested that they are becoming rarer. This might be due to habitat loss from [[climate change]], [[logging]], and increased recreation in winter allowing other predators such as [[Coyote|coyotes]] and lowland red foxes to enter their habitat.<ref name="Gov" /> Some populations might have gone extinct. The current number of individuals seems to be around 50.<ref>[http://eol.org/pages/1270427/details "Vulpes vulpes cascadensis"] ''[[Encyclopedia of Life]]'' Retrieved on 10 December 2017.</ref>[https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/wa-lists-the-cascade-red-fox-as-endangered/%3famp=1] |
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The Cascade red fox is a Natural Heritage Critically Imperiled Species, as well as a Washington Candidate Species for protection.<ref name="NatureServe"></ref><ref>[http://wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/endangered/species/cascade_red_fox.pdf "Cascade Red Fox"] ''[[Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife]]'' Retrieved on 10 December 2017.</ref>. Surveys have suggested that there has been widespread population loss.{{cn|date=December 2017}} The number of populations seems to be less than 5.<ref>[http://eol.org/pages/1270427/details "Vulpes vulpes cascadensis"] ''[[Encyclopedia of Life]]'' Retrieved on 10 December 2017.</ref> Population trends may be because of habitat loss, timber removal, and increased winter recreation that provides pathways for other less adapted predators to enter alpine areas.{{cn|date=December 2017}} Lack of information has made conservation efforts much harder. |
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==Conservation== |
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The Cascade red fox is a Natural Heritage Critically Imperiled Species, as well as a Washington Endangered Species.<ref name="NatureServe" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Cascade red fox |url=https://wdfw.wa.gov/species-habitats/species/vulpes-vulpes-cascadensis |website=Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife |access-date=3 November 2022}}</ref> Lack of information has made conservation efforts much harder.<ref name="Gov" /> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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[[File:Vulpes vulpes cascadensis ⑴ — Mount Rainier.jpg|thumb|right|A Cascade |
[[File:Vulpes vulpes cascadensis ⑴ — Mount Rainier.jpg|thumb|right|A Cascade red fox at [[Mount Rainier National Park|Mt Rainier National Park]] in December]] |
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* [[Sierra Nevada red fox]] |
* [[Sierra Nevada red fox]] |
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* [[American red fox]] |
* [[American red fox]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q9095066}} |
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{{taxonbar}} |
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[[Category:Vulpes]] |
[[Category:Vulpes]] |
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[[Category:Subspecies]] |
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[[Category:Endemic fauna of Washington (state)]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:22, 2 May 2024
| Cascade red fox | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Canidae |
| Genus: | Vulpes |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | V. v. cascadensis
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| Trinomial name | |
| Vulpes vulpes cascadensis Merriam, 1900
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The Cascade red fox (Vulpes vulpes cascadensis) is an endangered subspecies of red fox endemic to the state of Washington in the United States.
Origins[edit]
The ancestors of the Cascade red fox colonized North America after crossing the Bering landbridge during the Illinoian glaciation over 300,000 years ago.[2] During the Wisconsin glaciation, they were pushed south to escape to ice free forests. From that point, they adapted to the colder climate and became distinct. After the glaciation, they moved up into the mountains where conditions were similar.[2]
Diet[edit]
They prey on small mammals and birds living only in the mountains. Due to this, they have an ecology distinct from lowland red foxes.[2]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
The range of the Cascade red fox is estimated to be 4,500 square kilometres (1,700 sq mi) but may be as large as 40,000 square kilometres (15,000 sq mi).[3] It lives in the subalpine meadows and parklands of the Cascade Mountains, as well as the open forests on the eastern slope. It does not however inhabit the densely forested western slope.[4] It may inhabit the very southern parts of British Columbia. Recent surveys have suggested that they are becoming rarer. This might be due to habitat loss from climate change, logging, and increased recreation in winter allowing other predators such as coyotes and lowland red foxes to enter their habitat.[2] Some populations might have gone extinct. The current number of individuals seems to be around 50.[5][1]
Conservation[edit]
The Cascade red fox is a Natural Heritage Critically Imperiled Species, as well as a Washington Endangered Species.[3][6] Lack of information has made conservation efforts much harder.[2]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "Vulpes vulpes canadensis. NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
- ^ a b c d e Akins, Jocelyn. "Conservation Status of the Cascade Red Fox" National Park Service Retrieved on 10 December 2017.
- ^ a b Fleckenstein, J.W. "Vulpes vulpes cascadensis - Merriam, 1900", NatureServe, 20 September 2011. Retrieved on 10 December 2017.
- ^ Aubry, Keith Baker. "The Cascade red fox: distribution, morphology, zoogeoraphy and ecology", University of Washington, 26 May 1983. Retrieved on 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Vulpes vulpes cascadensis" Encyclopedia of Life Retrieved on 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Cascade red fox". Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Retrieved 3 November 2022.