Iazychie: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| (47 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{short description|East-Slavic artificial literary language}} |
|||
{{unreferenced|date=February 2008}} |
|||
{{see also|Rusyn language}} |
|||
'''Iazychie''' ({{lang-uk|Язичіє, ''Yazychiye''}}) was a language used in nineteenth century by Ukrainian [[Ukrainian Russophiles |Russophiles]] to provide bridge between the local dialect and that of the standard literary [[Russian language |Russian]]. Iazychie was used in their publications in [[East Galicia]] until twentieth century, when it was replaced with Russian. The language was an artificial mixture of Russian and [[Church Slavonic language|Church Slavonic]] with Ukrainian [[pronunciation]] and [[Regionalism (linguistics)|regionalisms]]. |
|||
'''Iazychie''' ({{lang-uk|Язичіє|translit=Yazychiie}}; {{lang-rue|Язычіє|translit=Yazŷchiie}}) was an artificial literary [[East Slavic language]] used in the 19th century and the early 20th century in [[Halychyna]], [[Bukovina]], and [[Carpathian Ruthenia|Zakarpattia]] in publishing, particularly by Ukrainian and [[Rusyns|Carpatho-Rusyn]] [[Ukrainian Russophiles|Russophiles]] (Moskvophiles).<ref name=use>Zhovtobryukh, M.A. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160224175848/http://leksika.com.ua/15460322/ure/yazichiye Iazychie]''. [[Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia]].</ref><ref name=Magocsi2015>{{Cite book |last=Magocsi |first=Paul R. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/929239528 |title=With their backs to the mountains : a history of Carpathian Rus' and Carpatho-Rusyns |date=2015 |publisher=Central European University Press |isbn=978-963-386-107-3 |location=Budapest |oclc=929239528}}</ref> It was an unsystematic combination of Russian with the lexical, phonetic and grammatical elements of vernacular Ukrainian and [[Rusyns|Rusyn]], [[Church Slavonic]], [[Ruthenian language|Ruthenian]], [[Polish language|Polish]], and [[Old Slavic]].<ref name=use/><ref name=Magocsi2015/> |
|||
The term was introduced by Ukrainophiles, who used it pejoratively.<ref>[[Paul Robert Magocsi|Magocsi, P.R.]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20170103200051/http://www.carpatho-rusynacademy.org/ukrlaniazychiie.html Iazychie]''. World Academy of the Carpatho-Rusyn Culture. {{in lang|uk}}</ref> [[Nikolay Chernyshevsky]] called "Iazychie" a mutilation of the language and sharply condemned it.<ref name=use/> [[Ivan Franko]] and other representatives of the contemporary territories of today's [[Western Ukraine]]'s progressive [[intelligentsia]] also opposed "Iazychie".<ref name=use/> The proponents of the language themselves called it the "traditional Carpatho-Rusyn language".<ref>{{Cite Q|Q105105620|pages=210|entry=Iazŷchiie}}</ref> Russophiles saw it as a tool against Polish influence and a transition to Russian literary language, considering local dialects to be a "speech of swineherds and shepherds".<ref>Орест Субтельний, Історія України [ [[Orest Subtelny]], ''History of Ukraine''], Section 6.3 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20070928025730/http://www.unitest.com/uahist/subtelny/s562.phtml archived]) |
|||
</ref> |
|||
==Text example== |
|||
<blockquote> |
|||
{{lang|zle-UA|Що єсть тепло и свѣтло — того дово̂дно оучени̂ єще не знаютъ. Но безъ свѣтла и тепла нїяка изъ нашихъ пашниць не може оудатися. — '''Свѣтло,''' здаеся, возбуджае въ рослинахъ силу, которою они оуглянный квасъ, амонїякъ, воду, и другое поживлѣнье розкладаютъ на части, зъ ıакихъ тїи рѣчи повстаютъ, — и — потребное въ себе вживаютъ, остальное же назадъ воздухови о̂тдаютъ. На пр. оугляный квасъ розкладаютъ они на єго части, на квасородъ и оуглеродъ, и оуглеродъ вживаютъ въ себе, квасородъ же о̂тдаютъ воздухови, и тымъ способомъ воздухъ все о̂тсвѣжуютъ. Но все то дѣеся '''лишь днемъ при свѣтлѣ солнечно̂мъ,''' ночїю же нѣ; и также днемъ при захмарено̂мъ небѣ робота тая оуже имъ складно не иде, а для того }}'''въ хмарнїи роки''' овощи николи не буваютъ смачни̂ та тревали̂. (1875) |
|||
</blockquote> |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
==External links== |
|||
* Muromtseva, O. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20170103195336/http://litopys.org.ua/ukrmova/um148.htm Iazychie]''. [[Izbornyk]] |
|||
{{Slavic languages}} |
{{Slavic languages}} |
||
{{Constructed languages}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:East Slavic languages]] |
[[Category:East Slavic languages]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Rusyns]] |
||
[[Category:Constructed languages introduced in the 19th century]] |
|||
[[be:Язычча]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
[[hr:Jazičije]] |
|||
[[pl:Jazyczije]] |
|||
[[pt:Iazychie]] |
|||
[[ru:Язычие]] |
|||
[[uk:Язичіє]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 16:38, 29 April 2024
Iazychie (Ukrainian: Язичіє, romanized: Yazychiie; Rusyn: Язычіє, romanized: Yazŷchiie) was an artificial literary East Slavic language used in the 19th century and the early 20th century in Halychyna, Bukovina, and Zakarpattia in publishing, particularly by Ukrainian and Carpatho-Rusyn Russophiles (Moskvophiles).[1][2] It was an unsystematic combination of Russian with the lexical, phonetic and grammatical elements of vernacular Ukrainian and Rusyn, Church Slavonic, Ruthenian, Polish, and Old Slavic.[1][2]
The term was introduced by Ukrainophiles, who used it pejoratively.[3] Nikolay Chernyshevsky called "Iazychie" a mutilation of the language and sharply condemned it.[1] Ivan Franko and other representatives of the contemporary territories of today's Western Ukraine's progressive intelligentsia also opposed "Iazychie".[1] The proponents of the language themselves called it the "traditional Carpatho-Rusyn language".[4] Russophiles saw it as a tool against Polish influence and a transition to Russian literary language, considering local dialects to be a "speech of swineherds and shepherds".[5]
Text example[edit]
Що єсть тепло и свѣтло — того дово̂дно оучени̂ єще не знаютъ. Но безъ свѣтла и тепла нїяка изъ нашихъ пашниць не може оудатися. — Свѣтло, здаеся, возбуджае въ рослинахъ силу, которою они оуглянный квасъ, амонїякъ, воду, и другое поживлѣнье розкладаютъ на части, зъ ıакихъ тїи рѣчи повстаютъ, — и — потребное въ себе вживаютъ, остальное же назадъ воздухови о̂тдаютъ. На пр. оугляный квасъ розкладаютъ они на єго части, на квасородъ и оуглеродъ, и оуглеродъ вживаютъ въ себе, квасородъ же о̂тдаютъ воздухови, и тымъ способомъ воздухъ все о̂тсвѣжуютъ. Но все то дѣеся лишь днемъ при свѣтлѣ солнечно̂мъ, ночїю же нѣ; и также днемъ при захмарено̂мъ небѣ робота тая оуже имъ складно не иде, а для тоговъ хмарнїи роки овощи николи не буваютъ смачни̂ та тревали̂. (1875)
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d Zhovtobryukh, M.A. Iazychie. Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia.
- ^ a b Magocsi, Paul R. (2015). With their backs to the mountains : a history of Carpathian Rus' and Carpatho-Rusyns. Budapest: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-386-107-3. OCLC 929239528.
- ^ Magocsi, P.R., Iazychie. World Academy of the Carpatho-Rusyn Culture. (in Ukrainian)
- ^ Paul Robert Magocsi; Ivan Pop (2005). "Iazŷchiie". Encyclopedia of Rusyn history and culture (2nd ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 210. doi:10.3138/9781442674431. ISBN 978-0-8020-3566-0. LCCN 2003541528. OL 22719419M. Wikidata Q105105620.
- ^ Орест Субтельний, Історія України [ Orest Subtelny, History of Ukraine], Section 6.3 (archived)
External links[edit]
  | This Ukrainian history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |