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Adding short description: "Cursive form of the Hebrew alphabet." (Shortdesc helper)
Fixed contradiction re: modern Eastern Hebrew script vs Sephardi Hebrew script. Given "Ashkenazi" means "European," and Spain, Greece, the Balkans, etc are all in Europe; it's inaccurate to call modern Hebrew script (stated as being used in Israel and Yiddish) "Ashkenazi."
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{{short description|Cursive form of the Hebrew alphabet.}}
{{Short description|Cursive form of the Hebrew alphabet}}
[[File:Judaeo-Spanish in Rashi and Soletreo.png|thumb|"[[Judeo-Spanish|Judeo-español]]" in Solitreo and [[Rashi script|Rashi]] scripts.]]
[[File:Judaeo-Spanish in Rashi and Soletreo.png|thumb|"[[Judeo-Spanish|Judeo-español]]" in Solitreo and [[Rashi script|Rashi]] scripts]]
[[File:Livro de Embezar scripts.jpg|thumb|Comparison of Solitreo, [[Rashi script|Rashi]], and [[Hebrew alphabet|block]] scripts]]
[[File:Livro de Embezar scripts.jpg|thumb|Comparison of Solitreo, [[Rashi script|Rashi]] and [[Hebrew alphabet|block]] scripts]]
'''Solitreo''' is a [[cursive]] form of the [[Hebrew alphabet]]. Traditionally a [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardi]] script, it is the predecessor of modern [[cursive Hebrew]] of [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazi]] origin currently used for handwriting in modern [[Israel]] and for [[Yiddish]]. The two forms differ from each other primarily in that Solitreo uses far more [[typographic ligature]]s than the Ashkenazi script.
'''Solitreo''' ({{Lang-he|סוליטריאו ,סוֹלִיטְרֵיוֹ }}) is a [[cursive]] form of the [[Hebrew alphabet]]. Traditionally a [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardi]] script, it is the predecessor of modern [[cursive Hebrew]] currently used for handwriting in modern [[Israel]] and for [[Yiddish]]. The two forms differ from each other primarily in that Solitreo uses far more [[typographic ligature]]s than the Modern Hebrew script.


Historically, Solitreo served as the standard handwritten form of [[Judaeo-Spanish|Ladino]] in the [[Balkans]] and [[Turkey]], that complemented the [[Rashi script]] character set used for printing. In Sephardi communities in the [[Maghreb]] and the [[Levant]], it was used for [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] and [[Judeo-Arabic languages|Judeo-Arabic]] manuscripts. While both the Balkan and Maghrebine-Levantine forms are called Solitreo, they are quite distinctive, and readers familiar with one type may find the other difficult to read.<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=1308&letter=A#3547 Cursive Hebrew], 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia</ref>
Historically, Solitreo served as the standard handwritten form of [[Judeo-Spanish]] in the [[Balkans]] and [[Turkey]], that complemented the [[Rashi script]] character set used for printing. In Sephardi communities in the [[Maghreb]] and the [[Levant]], it was used for [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] and [[Judeo-Arabic languages|Judeo-Arabic]] manuscripts. While both the Balkan and Maghrebine-Levantine forms are called Solitreo, they are quite distinctive and readers familiar with one type may find the other difficult to read.<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=1308&letter=A#3547 Cursive Hebrew], 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia</ref>


With the decline of Judaeo-Spanish and the dispersion of Sephardic population centres, examples of Solitreo have become scarce. The February 2012 digitization of a Jewish merchant's memoir from late 19th century [[Thessaloniki]], [[Ottoman Empire]] by scholars from [[Stanford University]] provided a new, high-quality resource for scholars of Judaeo-Spanish and Solitreo.<ref>[http://www.sup.org/ladino/ The Ladino Manuscript]</ref>
With the decline of Judaeo-Spanish and the dispersion of Sephardic population centres, examples of Solitreo have become scarce. The February 2012 digitization of a Jewish merchant's memoir from late 19th century [[Thessaloniki]], [[Ottoman Empire]] by scholars from [[Stanford University]] provided a new, high-quality resource for scholars of Judaeo-Spanish and Solitreo.<ref>[http://www.sup.org/ladino/ The Ladino Manuscript]</ref>


==Comparison with square Hebrew==
==Comparison with square Hebrew==
{| class="wikitable" dir="rtl" style="margin: auto; text-align: center;" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="1"
{| dir="rtl" class="wikitable" style="margin: auto; text-align: center;" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="1"
!colspan=9| Hebrew letters in square and Solitreo type
! dir="ltr" colspan="9" | Hebrew letters in Solitreo and square type
|- style="font-size:15px;"
|- style="font-size:15px;"
| {{hebrew|[[א]]}} = [[File:Sol alef.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[א]]}} = [[File:Sol alef.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ב]]}} = [[File:Sol bet.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ב]]}} = [[File:Sol bet.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ג]]}} = [[File:Sol gimel.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ג]]}} = [[File:Sol gimel.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ד]]}} = [[File:Sol dalet.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ד]]}} = [[File:Sol dalet.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ה]]}} = [[File:Sol he.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ה]]}} = [[File:Sol he.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ו]]}} = [[File:Sol waw.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ו]]}} = [[File:Sol waw.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ז]]}} = [[File:Sol zayin.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ז]]}} = [[File:Sol zayin.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ח]]}} = [[File:Sol het.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ח]]}} = [[File:Sol het.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ט]]}} = [[File:Sol tet.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ט]]}} = [[File:Sol tet.png|15px]]
|- style="font-size:15px;"
|- style="font-size:15px;"
| {{hebrew|[[י]]}} = [[File:Sol yud.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[י]]}} = [[File:Sol yud.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[כ]]}} = [[File:Sol kaf.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[כ]]}} = [[File:Sol kaf.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ך]]}} = [[File:Sol kaf sofit.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ך]]}} = [[File:Sol kaf sofit.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ל]]}} = [[File:Sol lamed.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ל]]}} = [[File:Sol lamed.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[מ]]}} = [[File:Sol mem.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[מ]]}} = [[File:Sol mem.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ם]]}} = [[File:Sol mem sofit.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ם]]}} = [[File:Sol mem sofit.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[נ]]}} = [[File:Sol nun.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[נ]]}} = [[File:Sol nun.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ן]]}} = [[File:Sol nun sofit.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ן]]}} = [[File:Sol nun sofit.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ס]]}} = [[File:Sol samek.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ס]]}} = [[File:Sol samek.png|15px]]
|- style="font-size:15px;"
|- style="font-size:15px;"
| {{hebrew|[[ע]]}} = [[File:Sol ayin.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ע]]}} = [[File:Sol ayin.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[פ]]}} = [[File:Sol pe.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[פ]]}} = [[File:Sol pe.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[Pe (Semitic letter)|ף]]}} = [[File:Sol pe sofit.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[Pe (Semitic letter)|ף]]}} = [[File:Sol pe sofit.png|15px]]
| colspan="2" | {{hebrew|[[צ]]}}/{{hebrew|[[ץ]]}} = [[File:Sol tsadik.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" colspan="2" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[צ]]/[[ץ]]}} = [[File:Sol tsadik.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ק]]}} = [[File:Sol quf.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ק]]}} = [[File:Sol quf.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ר]]}} = [[File:Sol resh.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ר]]}} = [[File:Sol resh.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ש]]}} = [[File:Sol shin.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ש]]}} = [[File:Sol shin.png|15px]]
| {{hebrew|[[ת]]}} = [[File:Sol tav.png|15px]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{Script/Hebrew|[[ת]]}} = [[File:Sol tav.png|15px]]
|}
|}


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*[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/ladino.htm A guide to the Ladino language]
*[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/ladino.htm A guide to the Ladino language]
*[http://www.ladinotype.com LadinoType - A Ladino Transliteration System for Solitreo, Meruba, and Rashi]
*[http://www.ladinotype.com LadinoType - A Ladino Transliteration System for Solitreo, Meruba, and Rashi]
*[https://documentingjudeospanish.com Documenting Judeo-Spanish]


{{Hebrew language}}
{{list of writing systems}}
{{list of writing systems}}


Latest revision as of 23:28, 13 July 2023

"Judeo-español" in Solitreo and Rashi scripts
Comparison of Solitreo, Rashi and block scripts

Solitreo (Hebrew: סוליטריאו ,סוֹלִיטְרֵיוֹ) is a cursive form of the Hebrew alphabet. Traditionally a Sephardi script, it is the predecessor of modern cursive Hebrew currently used for handwriting in modern Israel and for Yiddish. The two forms differ from each other primarily in that Solitreo uses far more typographic ligatures than the Modern Hebrew script.

Historically, Solitreo served as the standard handwritten form of Judeo-Spanish in the Balkans and Turkey, that complemented the Rashi script character set used for printing. In Sephardi communities in the Maghreb and the Levant, it was used for Hebrew and Judeo-Arabic manuscripts. While both the Balkan and Maghrebine-Levantine forms are called Solitreo, they are quite distinctive and readers familiar with one type may find the other difficult to read.[1]

With the decline of Judaeo-Spanish and the dispersion of Sephardic population centres, examples of Solitreo have become scarce. The February 2012 digitization of a Jewish merchant's memoir from late 19th century Thessaloniki, Ottoman Empire by scholars from Stanford University provided a new, high-quality resource for scholars of Judaeo-Spanish and Solitreo.[2]

Comparison with square Hebrew[edit]

Hebrew letters in Solitreo and square type
א‎ = ב‎ = ג‎ = ד‎ = ה‎ = ו‎ = ז‎ = ח‎ = ט‎ =
י‎ = כ‎ = ך‎ = ל‎ = מ‎ = ם‎ = נ‎ = ן‎ = ס‎ =
ע‎ = פ‎ = ף‎ = צ/ץ‎ = ק‎ = ר‎ = ש‎ = ת‎ =

References[edit]

  1. ^ Cursive Hebrew, 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia
  2. ^ The Ladino Manuscript

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Solitreo script.


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